反渗透装置是利用半透膜在压力差的作用下使含盐脱纯的设备，它和自然渗透的方向相反，故称为反渗透，亦称逆渗透。根据各种物料的不同渗透压，可以用大于渗透压的反渗透法达到进行分离、提取、纯化和浓缩的目的。
反渗透可除去水中97%以上的溶解性盐类和99%以上的胶体、微生物、微料和有机物等，成为现代纯水、高纯水、太空水、（超纯水）工程中的设备。它突出的特点是耗能低、无污染、工艺简单、出水水质高、且易于操作和维修。
The reverse osmosis device is an equipment to purify the saline water under the action of pressure difference of semi permeable membrane. It is called reverse osmosis, as it is counter to natural penetration direction. Different materials have different osmotic pressures. The reverse osmosis method to adopt larger osmotic pressures id used to obtain the purpose to separate, extract purify and condense.
More than 97% soluble salts and 99% glues, microbe, particulate and organic substances, etc can be removed by the reverse osmosis. It becomes the most idea equipment for modern pure water, hyper pure water, and airspace water. The remarkable characteristics of the equipment are shown as lower energy consumption, no pollution, simple techniques, high quality water, easy operation and maintenance.
